Acta Radiologica (Feb. 2005)

Title:

“Evaluation of Flexion/Extension of the Upper Cervical Spine in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: an MRI Study with a Dedicated Positioning Device Compared to Conventional Radiographs”

Author:

J. O. Karhu, R. K. Parkkola & S. K. Koskinen, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

Quote:

“Evaluation of the rheumatoid cervical spine is optimized using MR images in the neutral, flexed, and extended positions. Measurements and relationships between structures should be compared in all positions.”

SPINE

Title:

“Dynamic Bulging of Intervertebral Discs in the Degenerative Lumbar Spine”

Author:

Jun Zou, MD, MS,* Huilin Yang, MD, PhD,* Masashi Miyazaki, MD, PhD,† Yuichiro Morishita, MD, PhD,† Feng Wei, MD, PhD,† Scott McGovern, MD,† and Jeffrey C. Wang, MD,†

(From the *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; and †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

Acknowledgment date: October 16, 2008. Revision date: April 6, 2009. Acceptance date: April 9, 2009.)

Quote:

“Degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc significantly affect the kinematic patterns under postural load in vivo. kMRI is a useful tool to quantify the kinematic behavior of degenerative intervertebral discs.”

Journal of Orthopaedic Research (2004)

Title:

“A three-dimensional MRI analysis of knee kinematics”

Author:

Vikas V. Patel, Katherine Hall, Michael Ries, Jeff Lotz, Eugene Ozhinsky, Colleen Lindsey, Ying Lu, Sharmila Majumdar

(From the *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; and †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

Acknowledgment date: October 16, 2008. Revision date: April 6, 2009. Acceptance date: April 9, 2009.)

Quote:

“MR imaging allows excellent non-invasive evaluation of knee joint kinematics with weight bearing. This tool may potentially be used for assessing knee kinematics in patients with knee pathology.”

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology (2004)

Title:

“Kinematic MR Imaging of the Knee”

Author:

Mamoru Niitsu, MD.

1Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

Quote:

“Visualization of the moving normal and torn anterior cruciate ligaments indicates that kinematic MR imaging of the moving knee is advantageous in evaluating the continuity and tension in the cruciate ligaments.”

American Journal of Roentgen (1989)

Title:

“Anatomic Relations Between the Median Nerve and Flexor Tendons in the Carpal Tunnel: MR Evaluation in Normal Volunteers”

Author:

Jacob Zeiss, Martin Skie, Nabil Ebraheim, W. Thomas Jackson

Quote:

“MR imaging of the carpal tunnel has become a widely accepted means of investigating the median nerve entrapment syndrome with the nerve consistently identifiable on standard axial views. The alignment of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, its shape, and its relationship to the flexor tendons are variable and dependent on wrist positioning. These findings may explain why certain wrists motion, flexion in particular, predispose a person to carpal tunnel syndrome.”

The Journal of Hand Surgery (1990)

Title:

“Carpal tunnel changes and median nerve compression during wrist flexion and extension seen by magnetic resonance imaging”

Author:

Martin Skie, MD, Jacob Zeiss, MD, Nabil A. Ebraheim, MD, and W. Thomas Jackson, MD, Toledo, Ohio

Quote:

“The carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common of the nerve entrapment syndromes. Also well known is the fact that the CTS can be a consequence of prolonged periods of wrist flexion. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), there is now a noninvasive technique that can accurately image the contents of the carpal tunnel and the anatomic relationships between these structures, as well as be used to accurately measure the cross- sectional areas.”

Clinical Biomechanics (1999)

Title:

“Changes in geometry of the finger flexor tendons in the carpal tunnel with wrist posture and tendon load: an MRI study on normal wrists”

Author:

Peter J. Keir^a, Richard P. Wells^b

a Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 364 Bethune College, 4700 Keele Street, North York, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3. b Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1

Quote:

“The radius of flexor tendon curvature is not constant as previously assumed and is larger than previous estimates. The addition of tendon force with the wrist flexed acts to reduce the radius of curvature which further increases the contact stress on the median nerve and other wrist structures. The use of MRI to determine the tendon paths has provided new insight into the relationships between the finger flexor tendons and other structures at the wrist.”